Document




UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
___________________________________

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

___________________________________

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): April 24, 2019
CVR ENERGY, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other
jurisdiction of
incorporation)
001-33492
(Commission File Number)
61-1512186 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
 

2277 Plaza Drive, Suite 500
Sugar Land, Texas 77479  
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (281) 207-3200

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

o Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

o Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o





Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

On April 24, 2019, CVR Energy, Inc. (the "Company") issued a press release announcing information regarding its results of operations and financial condition for the three months ended March 31, 2019, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
The information in Items 2.02 and 7.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K ("Current Report") and Exhibit 99.1 attached hereto is being "furnished" and shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, unless specifically identified therein as being incorporated by reference. The furnishing of information in this Current Report (including Exhibit 99.1) is not intended to, and does not, constitute a determination or admission by the Company that the information in this Current Report is material or complete, or that investors should consider this information before making an investment decision with respect to any securities of the Company or its affiliates.

Item 7.01. Regulation FD Disclosure.

The information set forth under Item 2.02 is incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits

(d) Exhibits

The following exhibit is being "furnished" as part of this Current Report on Form 8-K:
Exhibit
Number

Exhibit Description
 
 






SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Date: April 24, 2019

    
CVR Energy, Inc.
 
 
By:
/s/ Tracy D. Jackson
 
Tracy D. Jackson
 
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer



Exhibit


Exhibit 99.1

https://cdn.kscope.io/62d689a859cbcf04bb95dc97d7a0ff33-cvilogoa07.jpg

CVR Energy Reports First Quarter 2019 Results
And Announces Cash Dividend of 75 Cents

SUGAR LAND, Texas (April 24, 2019) CVR Energy, Inc. (NYSE: CVI) today announced net income of $101 million, or $1.00 per diluted share, on net sales of $1,486 million for the first quarter of 2019, compared to net income of $60 million, or 69 cents per diluted share, on net sales of $1,537 million for the first quarter of 2018. First quarter 2019 EBITDA was $230 million, compared to first quarter 2018 EBITDA of $205 million.

“CVR Energy reported solid results for the first quarter 2019, driven by safe and reliable operations, wide Brent-WTI differentials, rising crude oil prices, hedging gains and lagging crude oil differentials,” said Dave Lamp, CVR Energy’s Chief Executive Officer. “The Wynnewood refinery also completed its planned maintenance turnaround safely, on time and under budget. In addition, the BenFree repositioning project was completed during the turnaround and is now in service.

“Weather conditions continued to impact CVR Partners’ quarterly results by delaying the start of the spring fertilizer application,” Lamp said. “However, the spring fertilizer application is now in full swing and we have seen strong demand during the past few weeks. We also expect several million additional acres of corn to be planted this year.”

Petroleum

The petroleum segment reported first quarter 2019 operating income of $156 million on net sales of $1,397 million, compared to operating income of $143 million on net sales of $1,458 million in the first quarter of 2018.

Refining margin per total throughput barrel was $16.55 in the first quarter of 2019, compared to $17.58 during the same period in 2018. An increase in crude oil pricing during the quarter led to a favorable inventory valuation impact of $32 million, or $1.67 per total throughout barrel, compared to a favorable impact of $20 million, or $1.17 per total throughput barrel, in the first quarter of 2018. The petroleum segment also recognized a first quarter 2019 derivative gain of $16 million, or $0.84 per total throughput barrel, compared to a gain of $59 million, or $3.48 per total throughput barrel, for the prior year period. Included in the total derivative gain for the first quarter of 2019 was an unrealized loss of $7 million, compared to an unrealized gain of $46 million a year earlier.

First quarter 2019 combined total throughput was approximately 213,000 barrels per day (bpd), compared to approximately 190,000 bpd of combined total throughput for the first quarter of 2018.

Nitrogen Fertilizers

The nitrogen fertilizer segment reported operating income of $9 million on net sales of $92 million for the first quarter of 2019, compared to an operating loss of $3 million on net sales of $80 million for the first quarter of 2018.

For the first quarter of 2019, CVR Partners’ consolidated average realized gate prices for UAN improved significantly over the prior year, up 45 percent to $222 per ton, while ammonia was up 14 percent over the prior year to $367 per ton. Average realized gate prices for UAN and ammonia were $153 per ton and $322 per ton, respectively, for the first quarter 2018.

CVR Partners’ fertilizer facilities produced a combined 179,000 tons of ammonia during the first quarter 2019, of which 41,000 net tons were available for sale while the rest was upgraded to other fertilizer products, including 335,000 tons of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). During the first quarter 2018, the fertilizer facilities produced 199,000 tons of ammonia, of which

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59,000 net tons were available for sale while the remainder was upgraded to other fertilizer products, including 339,000 tons of UAN.

Cash, Debt and Dividend

Consolidated cash and cash equivalents was $467 million at March 31, 2019. Consolidated total debt was $1,191 million at March 31, 2019, with no debt other than the Company’s segments’ debt.

CVR Energy also announced a first quarter 2019 cash dividend of 75 cents per share. The dividend, as declared by CVR Energy’s Board of Directors, will be paid on May 13, 2019, to stockholders of record on May 6, 2019. The annualized dividend of $3.00 per share represents an industry leading dividend yield of 7 percent based on the April 23 closing stock price.

Today, CVR Partners announced that the Board of Directors of its general partner declared a first quarter 2019 cash distribution of 7 cents per common unit, which will be paid on May 13, 2019, to common unitholders of record on May 6, 2019.

First Quarter 2019 Earnings Conference Call

CVR Energy previously announced that it will host its first quarter 2019 Earnings Conference Call on Thursday, April 25, at 1 p.m. Eastern. The Earnings Conference Call may also include discussion of Company developments, forward-looking information and other material information about business and financial matters.

The first quarter 2019 Earnings Conference Call will be webcast live and can be accessed on the Investor Relations section of CVR Energy’s website at www.CVREnergy.com. For investors or analysts who want to participate during the call, the dial-in number is (877) 407-8291. The webcast will be archived and available for 14 days at https://edge.media-server.com/m6/p/eayyvpao. A repeat of the call also can be accessed for 14 days by dialing (877) 660-6853, conference ID 13689665.

Forward-Looking Statements
This news release may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Statements concerning current estimates, expectations and projections about future results, performance, prospects, opportunities, plans, actions and events and other statements, concerns, or matters that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements,” as that term is defined under the federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding future: crude oil prices and differentials; crack spreads; timing of the spring planting season and demand relating thereto; corn planting; distributions including the amount and timing thereof; refinery throughput, direct operating expenses, capital spending, depreciation and amortization, turnaround expense and continued safe and reliable operations; and other matters. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “explore,” “evaluate,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” or “will,” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Investors are cautioned that various factors may affect these forward-looking statements, including (among others) price volatility of crude oil, other feedstocks and refined products; the ability of CVR Refining and CVR Partners to make cash distributions; potential operating hazards; costs of compliance with existing, or compliance with new, laws and regulations and potential liabilities arising therefrom; impacts of planting season on CVR Partners; general economic and business conditions; and other risks. For additional discussion of risk factors which may affect our results, please see the risk factors and other disclosures included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, any subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our other SEC filings. These and other risks may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included in this news release are made only as of the date hereof. CVR Energy disclaims any intention or obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by law.

About CVR Energy, Inc.
Headquartered in Sugar Land, Texas, CVR Energy is a diversified holding company primarily engaged in the petroleum refining and marketing business through its interest in CVR Refining and the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing business through its interest in CVR Partners, LP. CVR Energy subsidiaries serve as the general partner and own 34 percent of the common units of CVR Partners.


2



For further information, please contact:

Investor Contact:
Richard Roberts
CVR Energy, Inc.
(281) 207-3205
InvestorRelations@CVREnergy.com
    
Media Relations:
Brandee Stephens
CVR Energy, Inc.
(281) 207-3516
MediaRelations@CVREnergy.com


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Non-GAAP Measures

Our management uses certain non-GAAP performance measures to evaluate current and past performance and prospects for the future to supplement our GAAP financial information presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These non-GAAP financial measures are important factors in assessing our operating results and profitability and include the performance and liquidity measures defined below.

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company revised its accounting policy method for the costs of planned major maintenance activities (turnarounds) specific to the Petroleum Segment from being expensed as incurred (the direct expensing method) to the deferral method. As a result of this change in accounting policy, the non-GAAP measures of Adjusted EBITDA, Petroleum Adjusted EBITDA, Nitrogen Fertilizer Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Direct Operating Expenses per Total Throughput Barrel net of Turnaround Expense are no longer being presented.

The following are non-GAAP measures that continue to be presented for the period ended March 31, 2019:

EBITDA - Consolidated net income (loss) before (i) interest expense, net, (ii) income tax expense (benefit) and (iii) depreciation and amortization expense.

Petroleum EBITDA and Nitrogen Fertilizer EBITDA - Segment net income (loss) before segment (i) interest expense, net, (ii) income tax expense (benefit), and (iii) depreciation and amortization expense.

Refining Margin - The difference between our Petroleum Segment net sales and cost of materials and other.

Refining Margin, excluding Inventory Valuation Impacts - Refining Margin adjusted to exclude the impact of current period market price and volume fluctuations on crude oil and refined product inventories recognized in prior periods. We record our commodity inventories on the first-in-first-out (FIFO) basis. As a result, significant current period fluctuations in market prices and the volumes we hold in inventory can have favorable or unfavorable impacts on our refining margins as compared to similar metrics used by other publicly-traded companies in the refining industry.

Refining Margin and Refining Margin, excluding Inventory Valuation Impacts, per Total Throughput Barrel - Refining Margin, adjusted to exclude the impact of current period market price and volume fluctuations on crude oil and refined product inventories recognized in prior periods, divided by the total throughput barrels during period, which is calculated as total throughput barrels per day times the number of days in the period.

Direct Operating Expenses per Throughput Barrel - Direct operating expenses for our Petroleum Segment divided by total throughput barrels for the period, which is calculated as total throughput barrels per day times the number of days in the period.

We present these measures because we believe they may help investors, analysts, lenders and ratings agencies analyze our results of operations and liquidity in conjunction with our U.S. GAAP results, including but not limited to our operating performance as compared to other publicly-traded companies in the refining industry, without regard to historical cost basis or financing methods and our ability to incur and service debt and fund capital expenditures. Non-GAAP measures have important limitations as analytical tools, because they exclude some, but not all, items that affect net earnings and operating income. These measures should not be considered substitutes for their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures. See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section included herein for reconciliation of these amounts. Due to rounding, numbers presented within this section may not add or equal to numbers or totals presented elsewhere within this document.


4



CVR Energy, Inc.
(all information in this release is unaudited)

Financial and Operational Data
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions, except per share data)

2019
 
2018
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data
 
 
 
Net sales
$
1,486

 
$
1,537

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
Cost of materials and other (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
1,101

 
1,180

Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
126

 
130

Depreciation and amortization
65

 
64

Cost of sales
1,292

 
1,374

Selling, general and administrative expenses
30

 
24

Depreciation and amortization
2

 
3

Loss on asset disposals
2

 

Operating income
160

 
136

Other income (expense):
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
(26
)
 
(27
)
Other income, net
3

 
2

Income before income tax expense
137

 
111

Income tax expense
35

 
18

Net income
102

 
93

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
1

 
33

Net income attributable to CVR Energy stockholders
$
101

 
$
60

 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted earnings per share
$
1.00

 
$
0.69

Dividends declared per share
$
0.75

 
$
0.50

 
 
 
 
EBITDA*
$
230

 
$
205

 
 
 
 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted

100.5

 
86.8

 
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.

Selected Balance Sheet Data

(in millions)


March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents
$
467

 
$
668

Working capital
545

 
797

Total assets
3,874

 
4,000

Total debt
1,191

 
1,167

Total liabilities
2,216

 
2,057

Total CVR stockholders’ equity
1,343

 
1,286









5




Selected Cash Flow Data
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)

2019
 
2018
Net cash flow provided by (used in):
 
 
 
Operating activities
$
228

 
$
26

Investing activities
(42
)
 
(21
)
Financing activities
(387
)
 
(67
)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
$
(201
)
 
$
(62
)

Selected Segment Data


(in millions)


Petroleum
 
Nitrogen Fertilizer
 
Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
$
1,397

 
$
92

 
$
1,486

Operating income
156

 
9

 
160

Net income (loss)
149

 
(6
)
 
102

EBITDA*
209

 
26

 
230

 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
 
 
 
 
 
Maintenance capital expenditures
$
23

 
$
3

 
$
26

Growth capital expenditures
3

 

 
3

Total capital expenditures
$
26

 
$
3

 
$
29




(in millions)


Petroleum
 
Nitrogen Fertilizer
 
Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
$
1,458

 
$
80

 
$
1,537

Operating income (loss)
143

 
(3
)
 
136

Net income (loss)
133

 
(19
)
 
93

EBITDA*
192

 
13

 
205

 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
 
 
 
 
 
Maintenance capital expenditures
$
12

 
$
2

 
$
15

Growth capital expenditures
4

 
1

 
5

Total capital expenditures
$
16

 
$
3

 
$
20

 
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.


6



Selected Balance Sheet Data
(in millions)
Petroleum
 
Nitrogen Fertilizer
 
Consolidated
March 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
314

 
$
97

 
$
467

Total assets
2,714

 
1,247

 
3,874

Total debt
561

 
630

 
1,191

 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
353

 
$
62

 
$
668

Total assets
2,452

 
1,254

 
4,000

Total debt
497

 
629

 
1,167


Petroleum Segment

Key Operating Metrics per Total Throughput Barrel
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Refining margin*
$
16.55

 
$
17.58

Refining margin, excluding inventory valuation impacts *
14.88

 
16.41

Direct operating expenses *
4.75

 
5.39

 
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.

Throughput Data by Refinery
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in bpd)
2019
 
2018
Coffeyville
 
 
 
Regional crude
41,591

 
29,698

WTI
67,016

 
50,829

Midland WTI
12,702

 

Condensate
5,293

 
17,714

Heavy Canadian
7,563

 
490

Other feedstocks and blendstocks
9,293

 
6,134

Wynnewood
 
 
 
Regional crude
44,363

 
48,520

WTI

 
6,947

Midland WTI
12,507

 
19,153

Condensate
7,754

 
4,349

Other feedstocks and blendstocks
4,725

 
5,764

Total throughput
212,807

 
189,598



7



Production Data by Refinery
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in bpd)
2019
 
2018
Coffeyville
 
 
 
Gasoline
73,856

 
49,222

Distillate
59,529

 
44,245

Other liquid products
6,473

 
8,588

Solids
4,970

 
4,244

Wynnewood
 
 
 
Gasoline
34,312

 
43,595

Distillate
27,356

 
34,620

Other liquid products
6,123

 
4,510

Solids
28

 
54

Total production
212,647

 
189,078


Liquid volume yield (as % of total throughput)
97.6
%
 
97.5
%

 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Market Indicators (dollars per barrel)
 
 
 
West Texas Intermediate (WTI) NYMEX
$
54.90

 
$
62.89

Crude Oil Differentials:
 
 
 
WTI less WTS (light/medium sour)
0.94

 
1.43

WTI less WCS (heavy sour)
10.51

 
25.74

WTI less condensate
1.17

 
0.38

Midland Cushing Differential
1.18

 
0.38

NYMEX Crack Spreads:
 
 
 
Gasoline
11.75

 
15.35

Heating Oil
26.38

 
20.46

NYMEX 2-1-1 Crack Spread
19.07

 
17.91

PADD II Group 3 Basis:
 
 
 
Gasoline
(2.05
)
 
(1.87
)
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel
(1.56
)
 
(0.61
)
PADD II Group 3 Product Crack Spread:
 
 
 
Gasoline
9.70

 
13.48

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel
24.82

 
19.85

PADD II Group 3 2-1-1
17.26

 
16.67



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Q2 2019 Petroleum Segment Outlook

The table below summarizes our outlook for certain refining statistics and financial information for the second quarter of 2019. See “forward looking statements.”
 
Q2 2019
 
Low
 
High
Refinery Statistics:
 
 
 
Total throughput (bpd)
217,000

 
227,000

 
 
 
 
Direct operating expenses (1) (in millions)
$
85

 
$
95

 
 
 
 
Total capital spending (in millions)
$
35

 
$
40

 
(1) Direct operating expenses are shown exclusive of depreciation and amortization and turnaround expenses.



9



Nitrogen Fertilizer Segment:

Key Operating Data:

Ammonia Utilization Rates (1)
 
Two Years Ended March 31,
(percent of capacity utilization)
2019
 
2018
Consolidated
92
%
 
94
%
Coffeyville
94
%
 
94
%
East Dubuque
91
%
 
95
%
 
(1)
Reflects ammonia utilization rates on a consolidated basis and at each of the Nitrogen Fertilizer facilities. Utilization is an important measure used by management to assess operational output at each of the facilities. Utilization is calculated as actual tons produced divided by capacity. The Nitrogen Fertilizer Segment presents utilization on a two-year rolling average to take into account the impact of current turnaround cycles on any specific period. The two-year rolling average is a more useful presentation of the long-term utilization performance of our plants. Additionally, we present utilization solely on ammonia production rather than each nitrogen product as it provides a comparative baseline against industry peers and eliminates the disparity of plant configurations for upgrade of ammonia into other nitrogen products. With the Nitrogen Fertilizer Segments’ efforts being primarily focused on ammonia upgrade capabilities, this measure provides a meaningful view of how well the facilities operate.

Sales and Production Data
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Consolidated sales (thousand tons):
 
 
 
Ammonia
36

 
36

UAN
288

 
345

 
 
 
 
Consolidated product pricing at gate (dollars per ton) (1):
 
 
 
Ammonia
$
367

 
$
322

UAN
$
222

 
$
153

 
 
 
 
Consolidated production volume (thousand tons):
 
 
 
Ammonia (gross produced) (2)
179

 
199

Ammonia (net available for sale) (2)
41

 
59

UAN
335

 
339

 
 
 
 
Feedstock:
 
 
 
Petroleum coke used in production (thousand tons)
132

 
118

Petroleum coke used in production (dollars per ton)
$
38

 
$
18

Natural gas used in production (thousands of MMBtus)(3)
1,440

 
1,850

Natural gas used in production (dollars per MMBtu)(3)
$
3.83

 
$
3.24

Natural gas in cost of materials and other (thousands of MMBtus)(3)
1,008

 
1,258

Natural gas in cost of materials and other (dollars per MMBtu)(3)
$
3.87

 
$
3.48

 
(2)
Product pricing at gate represents net sales less freight revenue divided by product sales volume in tons and is shown in order to provide a pricing measure that is comparable across the fertilizer industry.
(3)
Gross tons produced for ammonia represent total ammonia produced, including ammonia produced that was upgraded into other fertilizer products. Net tons available for sale represent ammonia available for sale that was not upgraded into other fertilizer products.
(4)
The feedstock natural gas shown above does not include natural gas used for fuel. The cost of fuel natural gas is included in direct operating expense.



10



Key Market Indicators
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Ammonia — Southern Plains (dollars per ton)
$
427

 
$
382

Ammonia — Corn belt (dollars per ton)
497

 
427

UAN — Corn belt (dollars per ton)
229

 
210

 
 
 
 
Natural gas NYMEX (dollars per MMBtu)
$
2.88

 
$
2.85













11



Non-GAAP Reconciliations:

Reconciliation of Consolidated Net Income to EBITDA
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)
2019
 
2018
Net income
$
102

 
$
93

Add:
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
26

 
27

Income tax expense
35

 
18

Depreciation and amortization
67

 
67

EBITDA
$
230

 
$
205


Reconciliation of Petroleum Net Income to Petroleum EBITDA
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)
2019
 
2018
Petroleum net income
$
149

 
$
133

Add:
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
11

 
11

Depreciation and amortization
49

 
48

Petroleum EBITDA
$
209

 
$
192


Reconciliation of Petroleum Gross Profit to Refining Margin
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)
2019
 
2018
Net sales
$
1,397

 
$
1,458

Cost of materials and other
1,080

 
1,158

Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
91

 
92

Depreciation and amortization
49

 
48

Gross profit
177

 
160

Add:
 
 
 
Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
91

 
92

Depreciation and amortization
49

 
48

Refining margin
$
317

 
$
300

 
 
 
 
Exclude: (favorable) unfavorable inventory valuation impacts
(32
)
 
(20
)
Refining margin, excluding inventory valuation impacts
$
285

 
$
280


Reconciliation of Refining Margin and Refining Margin, excluding Inventory Valuation Impacts, per Total Throughput Barrel
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Total throughput barrels per day
212,806

 
189,598

Days in the period
90

 
90

Total throughput barrels
19,152,540

 
17,063,820



12



 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions, except for per throughput barrel data)
2019
 
2018
Refining margin
$
317

 
$
300

Divided by: total throughput barrels
19

 
17

Refining margin per total throughput barrel
$
16.55

 
$
17.58


 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions, except for per throughput barrel data)
2019
 
2018
Refining margin, excluding inventory valuation impacts
$
285

 
$
280

Divided by: total throughput barrels
19

 
17

Refining margin, excluding inventory valuation impacts, per total throughput barrel
$
14.88

 
$
16.41


Reconciliation of Petroleum Direct Operating Expenses to Direct Operating Expenses per Total Throughput Barrel
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions, except for per throughput barrel data)
2019
 
2018
Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
$
91

 
$
92

Divided by: total throughput barrels
19

 
17

Direct operating expense per total throughput barrel
$
4.75

 
$
5.39


Reconciliation of Nitrogen Fertilizer Net Loss to Nitrogen Fertilizer EBITDA
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)
2019
 
2018
Nitrogen Fertilizer net loss
$
(6
)
 
$
(19
)
Add:
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
16

 
16

Depreciation and amortization
16

 
16

Nitrogen Fertilizer EBITDA
$
26

 
$
13

 


13